Overview
Cervical Biopsy is a diagnostic procedure used to obtain tissue samples from the cervix for histological examination. It is essential for evaluating abnormal Pap smear results and diagnosing cervical pathology.
Cervical biopsy is crucial for diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), cervical cancer, and other cervical pathologies. It provides definitive histological diagnosis.
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Indications
ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL
Acetowhite lesions
Visible cervical lesions
Monitoring treated CIN
After cervical treatment
Contraindications
Absolute Contraindications
Relative Contraindications
📋 Equipment Checklist
Check off items as you gather them:
Pre-procedure Preparation
Preparation includes patient consent, colposcopic examination, sterile technique, and proper positioning. All equipment should be ready.Step-by-Step Procedure
Step 1: Patient Preparation
Explain procedure, obtain consent, position patient.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Inadequate consent
- Poor positioning
💡 Pro Tip:
Ensure patient is comfortable in lithotomy position.
Step 2: Speculum Insertion
Insert speculum to visualize cervix.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Poor visualization
- Patient discomfort
💡 Pro Tip:
Use appropriate speculum size.
Step 3: Colposcopic Examination
Examine cervix with colposcope.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Incomplete examination
- Missed lesions
💡 Pro Tip:
Systematic examination of entire cervix.
Step 4: Acetic Acid Application
Apply acetic acid to highlight lesions.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Inadequate application
- Wrong concentration
💡 Pro Tip:
Apply for 1-2 minutes.
Step 5: Biopsy Collection
Take biopsies from abnormal areas.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Wrong site
- Inadequate sample
💡 Pro Tip:
Take multiple biopsies if needed.
Step 6: Hemostasis
Ensure adequate hemostasis.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Bleeding
- Hematoma
💡 Pro Tip:
Apply pressure or silver nitrate if needed.
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Post-procedure Care
Post-procedure care involves monitoring for bleeding, pain management, patient education, and scheduling follow-up appointments.Complications & Management
| Complication | Incidence | Signs | Management | Prevention |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bleeding | 10-20% | Vaginal bleeding | Pressure, silver nitrate | Careful technique |
| Infection | 2-5% | Foul discharge, fever | Antibiotics | Sterile technique |
| Pain | 15-30% | Cramping, discomfort | Analgesics | Gentle technique |
| Cervical Stenosis | 1-3% | Difficulty with future procedures | Dilation | Minimal trauma |
Clinical Pearls
Take biopsies from most suspicious areas.
Use systematic approach to colposcopy.
Apply acetic acid for adequate time.
Document all findings carefully.
Ensure adequate hemostasis.
Provide clear post-procedure instructions.
Schedule appropriate follow-up.